The United Kingdom on Thursday signed a deal with Rwanda to send some asylum-seekers thousands of miles to the East African country, in a bid to “save countless lives” from human trafficking.
Terming the scheme an “innovative approach, driven by shared humanitarian impulse and made possible by Brexit freedoms,” on 21 April 2022, UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson said that with the UK’s help, Rwanda will have the capacity to resettle “tens of thousands of people in the years ahead.”
Speaking at a joint news conference in the Rwandan capital Kigali on 21 April, UK Home Secretary Priti Patel said that people relocated to Rwanda “will be given the support including up to five years of training, integration, accommodation, health care, so that they can resettle and thrive.”
Patel also called the plan a “joint new migration and economic development partnership,” saying that the UK is “making a substantial investment in the economic development of Rwanda.”
Patel insisted the aim of the agreement was to improve the UK asylum system, which she said has faced “a combination of real humanitarian crises and evil people like smugglers profiteering by exploiting the system for their own gains.”
When a reporter asked what the criteria would be for relocation, Patel said “we are very clear that everyone who enters the UK illegally will be considered for resettlement and being brought over to Rwanda, I’m not going to divulge specific criteria for a number of reasons.”
The United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR) expressed “strong opposition and concerns” about the plan and urged both countries to reconsider.
“People fleeing war, conflict, and persecution deserve compassion and empathy. They should not be traded like commodities and transferred abroad for processing,” UNHCR’s Assistant High Commissioner for Protection Gillian Triggs said in a statement.
“UNHCR remains firmly opposed to arrangements that seek to transfer refugees and asylum-seekers to third countries in the absence of sufficient safeguards and standards. Such arrangements simply shift asylum responsibilities, evade international obligations, and are contrary to the letter and spirit of the Refugee Convention,” Triggs said.
UNHCR also said that the plan would increase risks and cause refugees to look for alternative routes, putting more pressure on front-line states.
“Experience shows that these agreements are very expensive usually. They often violate international law. They don’t lead to solutions, rather to widespread detention or to more smuggling,” UNHCR Senior legal officer Larry Bottinick told British radio station Times Radio.
“Rwanda’s appalling human rights record is well documented,” it said.
“Rwanda has a known track record of extrajudicial killings, suspicious deaths in custody, unlawful or arbitrary detention, torture, and abusive prosecutions, particularly targeting critics and dissidents. In fact, the UK directly raised its concerns about respect for human rights with Rwanda, and grants asylum to Rwandans who have fled the country, including four just last year,” it said.
It also added, “At a time when the people of the UK have opened their hearts and homes to Ukrainians, the government is choosing to act with cruelty and rip up their obligations to others fleeing war and persecution.”
Amnesty International UK’s Refugee and Migrant Rights Director Steve Valdez-Symonds described the plan as “shockingly ill-conceived.”
“Sending people to another country — let alone one with such a dismal human rights record — for asylum ‘processing’ is the very height of irresponsibility and shows how far removed from humanity and reality the Government now is on asylum issues,” Valdez-Symonds said in a statement.
“As part of the new plan, the British Royal Navy will take over operational command from Border Force in the English Channel with the aim that no boat makes it to the UK undetected,” Johnson said.
“It also allows UK authorities to prosecute those who arrive illegally, with life sentences for anyone piloting the boats,” he said.
Rwandan Foreign Minister Vincent Biruta said Rwanda was pleased to work with the UK.
When asked whether Rwanda has the infrastructure to host the influx, Biruta said the country can receive migrants and will invest in new infrastructure to educate and house migrants with the UK’s support.
Biruta added that the programme will only be for people seeking asylum in the UK and who are in the UK, and that they would “prefer not to receive people from immediate neighbours like the DRC, Burundi, Uganda, Tanzania”.
